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1 "Elizabeth Williamson"
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Original Article
The BRAIN-Q, a tool for assessing self-reported sport-related concussions for epidemiological studies
Laura James, Madeline Davies, Saba Mian, Giulia Seghezzo, Elizabeth Williamson, Simon Kemp, Nigel Arden, Damien McElvenny, Neil Pearce, Valentina Gallo
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021086.   Published online October 19, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021086
  • 7,223 View
  • 130 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The BRAIN-Q is a tool aimed at maximising the accuracy and minimising measurement error for retrospectively assessing concussions. This paper reports the agreement of the BRAIN-Q tool when compared to extant questionnaire questions, and its reproducibility when compared with its telephonic version (tBRAIN-Q).
METHODS
The BRAIN-Q entails a 3-stage process: defining a concussion, creating a visual timeline with life events, and establishing detailed characteristics for each reported concussion. It was designed to be administered in-person by trained personnel, and was used in the BRAIN study. Its performance was compared with the MSK study, which previously collected a few questions in a broader self-administered questionnaire, and with the tBRAIN-Q Recall, its telephonic version.
RESULTS
In total, 101 participants were included, of whom 9 were re-assessed with the tBRAIN-Q. The agreement of the BRAIN-Q with the muscle skeletal-questionnaire for rugby-related concussion was 86.7% (κ=0.6). Rugby-related concussion with loss of consciousness showed lower agreement (82.0%; κ=0.6). The comparison between the BRAIN-Q and the tBRAIN-Q showed good reproducibility.
CONCLUSIONS
The BRAIN-Q is a relatively easy tool to administer in face-to-face assessments, and it showed optimal reproducibility. It includes a well-established definition of concussion, and is used to collect detailed information on each concussion, allowing for a number of subgroup analyses (e.g., by severity, age, or context). The BRAIN-Q is easily adaptable to other sporting settings.
Summary
Key Message
The BRAIN-Q is a new tool for assessing self-reported sport-related concussion in epidemiological studies. It is relatively easy to administer, it showed optimal reproducibility, and can be used by phone.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Exposure assessment for repeated sub-concussive head impacts in soccer: The HEalth and Ageing Data IN the Game of football (HEADING) study
    Ioannis Basinas, Damien M. McElvenny, Finley Brooker, Steven Robertson, Yvonne van Hoecke, Simon Kemp, Neil Pearce, Valentina Gallo, John W. Cherrie
    International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2023; 253: 114235.     CrossRef
  • Prior exposure to concussions in patients with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder
    Mónica Roig-Uribe, Mònica Serradell, Amaia Muñoz-Lopetegi, Carles Gaig, Alex Iranzo
    Sleep Medicine.2023; 110: 254.     CrossRef
  • eHealth tools to assess the neurological function for research, in absence of the neurologist – a systematic review, part I (software)
    Vasco Ribeiro Ferreira, Esther Metting, Joshua Schauble, Hamed Seddighi, Lise Beumeler, Valentina Gallo
    Journal of Neurology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Concussion and long‐term cognitive function among rugby players—The BRAIN Study
    Valentina Gallo, Damien M. McElvenny, Giulia Seghezzo, Simon Kemp, Elizabeth Williamson, Kirsty Lu, Saba Mian, Laura James, Catherine Hobbs, Donna Davoren, Nigel Arden, Madeline Davies, Andrea Malaspina, Michael Loosemore, Keith Stokes, Matthew Cross, Seb
    Alzheimer's & Dementia.2022; 18(6): 1164.     CrossRef
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